0.1578
900 319 0030
x

Prelims bits 01-10-2017

iasparliament Logo
October 01, 2017

Zinc supplements

  • Recently researchers found that Zinc supplements may halt the rapid growth of oesophageal cancer cells.
  • Zinc selectively halts the growth of cancer cells but not normal oesophageal epithelial cells
  • Zinc is an important element in many proteins and many enzymes and its absence makes it impossible for cells to function.
  • An insufficient amount of zinc can lead to the development of cancers and other diseases.

Oesophageal cancer

  • It is a Cancer of the tube that runs from the throat to the stomach, which affects people who are more than 40 years of age.
  • Smoking and poorly controlled acid reflux are significant risk factors for oesophageal cancer.
  • Treatment focuses on removing the cancer through surgery.
  • Chemotherapy and radiation may also be used.

Parkinson’s drug

  • There is a low incidence of many cancers (with the exception of melanoma) in patients with Parkinson’s disease.
  • This is due to Carbidopa a Parkinson’s disease drug, displays significant anticancer effects in human cell when given at normal patient dosage levels.

Parkinson’s disease

  • It is a disorder of the central nervous system that affects movement, often including tremors.
  • Dopamine is a chemical that sends behavioural signals from the brain to the body.
  • Nerve cell damage in the brain causes dopamine levels to drop, leading to the symptoms of Parkinson's
  • Parkinson's often starts with a tremor in one hand, other symptoms are slow movement, stiffness and loss of balance.
  • Medication can help control the symptoms of Parkinson's.
  • It affects the age group from 6 to 60, treatment can help but this condition can't be cured.

Congenital Cardiomyopathies

  • Recently researches found ways to preserve heart function after heart attacks or for people withinherited heart defects known as congenital cardiomyopathies.
  • They have stopped or slowed cardiac fibrosis (thickening of heart valves) organ enlargement and preserved heart function by blocking a well-known molecular pathway.
  • The Wnt/ß-catenin signalling pathway is involved in several of the body’s fundamental biological processes.
  • After heart attack, Wnt/ß-catenin signalling ramps up in cardiac fibroblast cells to cause fibrosis, scarring and harmful enlargement of the heart muscle.
  • This condition makes it hard for the heart to deliver blood to the body, and can lead to heart failure.

Perovskite solar cells

  • A Perovskite structure solar cell is one that includes a compound which can build solar cells that are inexpensive and highly efficient.
  • Perovskite is a material that has the same crystal structure as the mineral calcium titanium oxide.
  • Due to their unique crystal make-up, they often display a number of interesting properties, including superconductivity, giant magneto resistance, and Ferro electricity.
  • Within the last several years, perovskite solar cells have outpaced all other third-generation solar technologies in terms of efficiency.

 

Source: The Hindu

Login or Register to Post Comments
There are no reviews yet. Be the first one to review.

ARCHIVES

MONTH/YEARWISE ARCHIVES

Free UPSC Interview Guidance Programme