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Geography

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July 03, 2017

Discuss the factors that affect Indian Mansoon and explain its mechanism.

 

Answer 

Factors affecting the Indian Monsoon and Its Mechanism

Physiography

  1. Existence of the Himalayan and the Tibetan plateau:
  • The jet streams that lie about 12 km in the troposphere are bifurcated by the Himalayan Mountains and the Tibetan Plateau
  1. Triangular relief structure of south Indian land mass:
  • This results in two branches of south west monsoon.
  • The Arabian Sea branch covers more area than the Bay of Bengal branch

Temperature

  • Movement of ITCZ.

  • The differential heating and cooling of the landmass of Asia and the Indian Ocean.
  • Strong vertical air currents from Tibetan plateau.

Direction of rain bearing winds

  • Movement of westerly jet streams to the north of Himalayas.
  • Presence of easterly jet streams in the Indian peninsula.

Seasonal distribution of rainfall

  • Rainfall is mostly dependent on the monsoonal seasons

Amount of rainfall

  • It is not same all over India, it depends upon origin of monsoonal winds.

Form of precipitation

  • The occurrence of heavy-light snow over the Himalayan region, due to artic cold winds.

Global climatic phenomenon

  • El Nino and La Nina.

  • High pressure area in East of Madagascar-It lies in the path of SW monsoonal winds.
1 comments
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Sai Charan 7 years

Indian Monsoon:

1) South West Monsoon:

- 80% of rainfall we are getting from South West Monsoon.

-In summer land is getting heated and forms a heat low pressure in Indian Main lands.

--This in turn pulls the ocean current from Sea to land.

- Arabian Sea current from the South of Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal current from the South of Andaman Sea flows in to the mainland.

-The Himalayas acts as barrier to these monsoon current and deflects it towards low pressure area causing South West Monsoon Rainfall(May - September)

2) NorthEast Monsoon:

-Same as SWM , Himalayas acts as a Barrier in protecting the heavy Cold current from Northern side.

-During (September - October) the landmass in the northern parts of India is cool so it forms high pressure.

-This high pressure pushes the cold current from the land to sea through Bay of Bengal and Southern States gets rainfall.

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