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Health

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July 10, 2017

What is Antimicrobial resistance? How does it affetc the overall health of the country?

Answer

Antimicrobial resistance

  • According to WHO, Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is resistance of a microorganism to an antimicrobial drug that was originally effective for treatment of infections caused by it.
  • Antimicrobial resistance is an important concern for the public health authorities at global level.
  • Antimicrobial resistance is a serious threat to global public health that requires action across all government sectors and society and is driven by many interconnected factors.
  • In India, there are increase in burden of antimicrobial resistance.

Reasons for AMR

  • Irresponsible use of antibiotics.
  • Food adulteration.
  • Excessive insecticides, and pesticides, fungicides on human and animal.

Prevention of AMR

  • Proper usage of prescribed antibiotics.
  • Reduced use of pesticides and insecticides.
  • Good hygiene and suitable infection control procedures.
  • New vaccines, infection treatment options for combating antibiotic resistance.

Challenges for India in containing AMR

  • No clear data and awareness about this medical condition among the masses.
  • India is lagging in Research related to antimicrobial use.
  • Development of antimicrobial resistance strategies are in primary scale.

Effects on India

  • AMR has huge implications for India.

Public Health

· Multidrug Resistant-Tuberculosis (MDR-TB), a version of the disease where patients do not respond to first-line drugs, is becoming more common in India.

· The report projects that, by 2040, the percentage of MDR-TB will make up 12.4% of the TB cases in India.

Economy

  • In India expenditure on health care is on medicines, but longer treatments, with ineffective drugs and/or second line expensive antibiotics is pushing the treatment costs higher.
  • Index contributing to achieve SDG’s are in a deep fall due to the impact of AMR.
  • New Regulations of medical sector involves infrastructural investments.

Society

  • Low priced drug, which are easily available without any prescriptions contributes to the AMR among Indians.
  • Children and Women are more likely to affect by AMR, due to unhygienic and undernourished environment.

Governance

  • Improved management of the health care delivery systems, both public and private will need multi-layered stakeholders.
  • More resources need to be created for the dedicated R&D in AMR.

Measures initiated by the government

  • Health and family welfare ministry has finalized a comprehensive and multi-sectoral National Action Plan on AMR containment.
  • It pledges to adopt a holistic and collaborative approach towards prevention and containment of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in India.
  • It calls on all stakeholders including UN, WHO, FAO and other UN agencies, civil society organizations etc., to support the development and implementation of the national and state action plans on AMR.
  • Health Ministry is planning to set up a National Surveillance System for AMR, enacted regulations (Schedule-H-1) to regulate sale of antibiotics.
  • India’s action plan has objectives of enhancing awareness, strengthening surveillance, improving rational use of antibiotics, reducing infections and promoting research.
  • In addition, India aims to support neighbouring countries in collective fight against infectious diseases.
2 comments
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7 years

please do review thank you :)

7 years

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE:-

It is the resistance offered by the microbes against the antibiotic(medicine) which is used to kill the disease causing microbes (virus,bacteria).


causes :-


*Taking medicines without doctors prescription.

*not completing the course period of treatment( DOTS-TB).

*Throwing the biological contents(medicines,tablets.etc) in open space.

*taking advanced treatment or last line medicine for simple diseases which can solved by a home remedies.

IMPACT ON OVERALL HEALTH OF THE COUNTRY :-

 people with viral/bacterial diseases can't be treated as the bacteria develops resistance towards that antibiotic in such a situation it may causes wide spread of diseases among the citizens .

As communicable diseases are more deadly then nuclear weapons in other words it leads to BIOLOGICAL WEAPON.

Even some private/government companies are creating such kind of antibiotic resistance voluntarily for their political and economic benefits.

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE- DISEASE - SICKNESS- LESS PRODUCTIVITY - MORE EXPENDITURE ON HEALTH - LOW GROWTH RATE AND GDP 

our biggest strength is man power the antibiotic resistance may turn the strength as greatest weakness if untreated.

Then recent WHO categorization on anti-biotics is an welcoming initiative 

and awareness should be created among the people about it through tv ads,

medical shops should never give medicines without prescriptions and strict monitoring body should be created .

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