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Challenges to implementing PMAY

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July 11, 2017

What is the issue?

The government's housing scheme is far from reaching its goal due to many impeding factors.

What is PradhanMantriAwasYojana?

  • It is central governments flagship scheme to provide housing for rural poor in India.
  • A similar scheme for urban poor recently launched is the "Housing For All by 2022"
  • PMAY plans to provide homes to 18 million households in urban India and nearly 30 million households in rural India.
  • PMAY provides interest subsidy on a home loan and direct subsidy for individual house construction or enhancement.

What are the roadblocks in implementation?

  • The technical Group’s report highlighted the problem of housing shortage (lack in number of houses to accommodate the population of an area).
  • There is widespread scarcity of land in building new housing units.
  • Property records - People in ancestral homes and slum dwellers are unlikely to have proper title documents which are required for availing the subsidy.
  • Moreover land records are governed by the State’s revenue department, while housing is a separate agency.
  • The existence of distorted rental market is another cause of concern.
  • Reports showed that there were over 10 million vacant houses which are un/ under-utilised.
  • Owners of these vacant houses  prefer to leave their house vacant, rather than offer it on rent in the fear of losing their property to tenants.

What should be done?

  • States need to simplify the process of updating property records making it easier for citizens to obtain legal documents to their land and property.
  • Creditshould be provided to people to upgrade their congested houses to tackle the problem of land scarcity.
  • Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) should be done to incentivisedevelopers to in-situ rehabilitate slums.
  • Providing security of tenure— even a “no eviction guarantee"  to individual households who don’t have legal titles thereby   encouraging them to invest money and upgrade their shelter.
  • States need to push through rental reforms that balance the interests of tenants with the protection of property owners’ rights.

 

Source: BusinessLine

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