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Daily Mains Practice Questions 20-01-2023

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January 20, 2023

General Studies – II

Polity

1) There needs to be a review of Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012. Do you agree with this view? Comment (200 Words)

Refer - The Hindu

 

Judiciary

2) In a country with active internet users, online dispute resolution has immense potential to prevent pending cases. Examine (200 Words)

Refer - Business Line

General Studies – III

Agriculture

3) Creating new digital products suited for the rural economy will play a key role in preparing ground afresh for agricultural credit. Explain (200 Words)

Refer - Business Line

 

Enrich the answer from other sources, if the question demands.

 

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IAS Parliament 1 year

1) KEY POINTS

·        Ten years have passed since the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012.

·        The aim of this special law is to address offences of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse of children, which were either not specifically defined or in adequately penalised.

·        However, a large part of the investigation of offences under the Act is still guided by the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC).

·        The POCSO Act provides for recording the statement of the affected child by a woman sub-inspector at the child’s residence or place of choice.

·        In the absence of proper infrastructure to ensure the integrity of electronic evidence, the admissibility of evidence recorded using any audio-video means will always remain a challenge.

·        The Supreme Court in Jarnail Singh vs State of Haryana (2013) held that the given statutory provision should also be the basis to help determine age even for a child who is a victim of crime.

·        Age estimation based on medical opinion is generally so wide in scope that in most cases minors are proved to be major.

·        Therefore, it is time that there is a review of the way the POCSO Act is implemented to see how far it has helped victims of sexual exploitation and what more needs to be done to ensure justice.


2) KEY POINTS

·        India takes an average of 2,184 days to dispose a case in its subordinate courts, 1,128 days in its High Courts, and 1,095 days in the Supreme Court, bringing the total life cycle of a case in India to 12+ years.

·        Many reasons account for this clogged judicial system, including a dearth of personnel (there are only two judges per one lakh Indians), insufficient number of courts, a highly litigious Indian society, etc.

·        With a view to digitising the courts, the Supreme Court launched the E-Committee way back in 2004, which implemented two phases of the e-Courts Project.

·        The introduction of the government’s Digital India initiative, along with the low cost internet data access across the country now sees over 65.8 crore active users.

·        Building court automation can lead to a drastic reduction in the cost and length of judicial proceedings.

·        Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), one that obviates trial, can resolve disputes faster and cheaper than traditional litigation. Along with ODR, the judicial system can be considerably reformed.

·        A robust ODR ecosystem can reduce the burden of courts and run-of-the-mill civil cases, leaving the judiciary to focus on more nuanced cases that cannot move out of the courtroom.

·        The Judiciary must seek to leverage technology leadership and innovation with private partnerships.

3) KEY POINTS

·        The investment rate in agriculture (ratio of gross capital formation in agriculture to GDP-Agri) stood at 12 per cent in 2000-2001, increased to 18 per cent in 2011-12, and as per the latest available figures, stands at 15.9 per cent in 2020-21.

·        Cropping intensity, indicative of the potential demand for credit, is now higher in Eastern and Central regions and the share of agriculture credit in the N-E region rose from 0.2 per cent (2000-2001) and currently stands at around 0.75 per cent.

·        To reduce dependence on imported edible oil, the government has recently taken initiatives such as the Oil Palm Mission that envisages increasing the area under cultivation.

·        Initiatives like ODOP (One District One Product) will link production systems to markets and fit in the frame of value chain financing.

·        Digitisation of agriculture credit has huge potential for value creation and expansion of credit if both production and marketing systems can be linked.

·        It is time to leverage these interventions and weave a web of digital products to penetrate the agriculture credit system riding on technology so that it moves to a better system both in terms of expansion and efficiency of credit delivery.

 

BALAMURUGAN A 1 year

Q. 1) POCSO act

PANDI SANTHOSH RAJA S 1 year

KINDLY REVIEW

IAS Parliament 1 year

Good attempt. Keep Writing.

PANDI SANTHOSH RAJA S 1 year

KINDLY REVIEW

IAS Parliament 1 year

Good attempt. Keep Writing.

PANDI SANTHOSH RAJA S 1 year

KINDLY REVIEW

IAS Parliament 1 year

Good attempt. Keep Writing.

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