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Daily Mains Practice Questions 28-01-2023

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January 28, 2023

General Studies – II

Governance

1) Do you think that India’s ground water governance is in a better position to attain spirit of sustainable development goals? Comment (200 Words)

Refer - The Hindu

 

General Studies – III

Economy

2) Tax conceessions and subsidised funding are necessary to foster microfinance sector in the country. Explain (200 Words)

Refer - Business Line

 

S & T

3) The impact of 5G technology has a great potential to create new urban eco systems in the country. Analyse (200 Words)

Refer - Business Line

 

Enrich the answer from other sources, if the question demands.

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IAS Parliament 1 year

KEY POINTS

·        Data show that India, with nearly 18% of the world’s population, occupies about 2.4% of the total geographical area and consumes 4% of total water resources.

·        A World Bank report says that India is the largest groundwater user. A rapidly growing economy and population are straining the country’s groundwater resources.

·        Groundwater is pivotal to India’s water security. The fact that the theme of UN World Water Day 2022 was ‘Groundwater, Making the Invisible Visible’ is a reflection of the importance given to the resource across the globe.

·        The central government is working to achieve the goal of sustainable groundwater management in collaboration with States and Union Territories.

·        Initiatives have also been taken for the effective management and regulation of groundwater, examples being the Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABY) and the National Project on Aquifer Management (NAQUIM).

·        According to the latest assessment, there has been a 3% reduction in the number of ‘overexploited’ groundwater units and a 4% increase in the number of ‘safe’ category units as compared to 2017.

·        Communities will have to manage their groundwater resources better with the help of various government agencies and non-governmental organisations.

·        In the context of climate change, as uncertainties will increase with connection with groundwater resources, efforts must be made to find solutions that are essential for sustainable development.

KEY POINTS

·        The concept of financial inclusion as a programme was first introduced in India in 2005 by the RBI.

·        The first approach of the RBI in financial inclusion was to provide banking outlets closer to the people and encourage them to open bank accounts. But after 2014, the government’s emphasis shifted to everyone having a bank account through Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY).

·        However, from the All India Debt and Investments Survey, 77th round of NSSO, it can be gleaned that nearly three-quarters of rural and four-fifths of urban India are still outside the formal financial system.

·        In addition, the self-help group (SHG) bank linkage programme has brought about 14.5 crore poor households in the fold of the banking system.

·        Microfinance, through MFIs, has reached far-flung areas, and at the doorsteps of the poor.

·        When the government started the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana to support micro-enterprises in 2015, MFIs were taken as major partners.

·        About 60 per cent of the credit extended under Shishu category of Mudra loans were contributed by MFIs.

·        Create a conducive environment for the functioning of MFIs; there were several instances where the micro-lending environment was vitiated by vested elements.

KEY POINTS

·        Projections of technological advancements and commensurate economic growth propelled by 5G are copious and well-founded.

·        With high speed and negligible time lag, machine-to-machine communication and Internet of Things (IoT) — that is, connected smart devices, sharing real-time data with each other will become common.

·        5G as a technology is not just for the consumer market but is designed to be an enabling network for a plethora of market verticals like agriculture, manufacturing, healthcare, automotive, welfare service-delivery, to name a few.

·        Time-critical communication provided by 5G may revolutionise sectors like manufacturing. The deployment of captive 5G network in Mahindra’s auto manufacturing facility in Chakan last month is a case-in-point.

·        Either way, 5G-specific applications relying on higher bands will open vistas of growth opportunity for the country and will drive a new form of urbanisation.

·        This new form can also be sustainable and resilient if appropriate planning techniques are used. Compact urbanisation means lower land uptake per inhabitant and per job.

·        This can be complemented with mosaic landscapes with mixed land utilisation and undisturbed natural stretches in between.

·        It will thus be useful to have urban planners and policymakers consider the impact of 5G proliferation on urbanisation while the former is still taking shape so that India can see well-planned, efficient, sustainable and resilient urban systems in the future.

 

  

 

BALAMURUGAN A 1 year

Q. 3) 5G-new urban ecosystem

IAS Parliament 1 year

Try to bring coherence in the answer and add more facts and content. Keep Writing.

PANDI SANTHOSH RAJA S 1 year

KINDLY REVIEW

IAS Parliament 1 year

Good attempt. Keep Writing.

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