Tomato flu was detected in Kerala.

Tomato Flu

• Tomato Flu is a common kind of viral infection in India, wherein children below five years of age experience fever, usually accompanied by rashes, skin irritation, and dehydration.
• The flu causes blisters on several parts of the infected child’s body, which are generally red in color, and thus it is called “tomato flu” or “tomato fever”.
• Symptoms: High fever; Rashes; Skin irritation, and skin color change in hands and legs; Blisters; Dehydration; Abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea; Cough, cold; Fatigue and body pain.

State of the World’s Birds

• The State of the World’s Birds, an annual review of environmental resources, has attributed the threat to almost half of the 10,994 recognized extant species of birds to the expanding human footprint on the natural world and climate change.
• The use of 37% of the surviving bird species as common or exotic pets and 14% as food are examples of direct overexploitation, the report indicates.
• The review found that 5,245 or about 48% of the existing bird species worldwide were known or suspected to be undergoing population decline.
• The most threatened species were endemic species, birds of prey, and those living in forests and grasslands.

Transplantation of Human Organs Act

• Various parts of the body can be transplanted, ranging from the cornea and the heart to the stomach, hand and intestines, and even skin and bones.
• The rules to be followed while harvesting organs from a dead person and transplanting them are codified by the Transplantation of Human Organs Act (1994) and its subsequent amendments.
• For organ removal to be legal, the person should have been declared brain dead, and his or her brain stem should be dead.
• This rule exists to ensure that a person is truly and irreversibly dead before organ donation is considered.
• One of the main criteria for organ donation is two certifications from doctors, with an interval of six hours, that the person is brain dead, before organs may be harvested from their body.
• Two of the certifying doctors must be those nominated by an appropriate authority of the government with one of them specializing in neurology.
• The amended act also allows neurosurgeons, intensivists, and anesthetists to be certifying doctors for this purpose.
• Another condition is that the body of the dead person should be connected to a ventilator so that the organs are well perfused until they are removed to be preserved and used.
• This ensures that the tissues and organs are not damaged after the death of the person.
• Legally, consent must be taken from the next of kin.
• But the procedure for seeking consent for the removal of organs usually involves the entire family or close relatives.

W Bosons

• Discovered in 1983, the W boson is a fundamental particle.
• Together with the Z boson, it is responsible for the weak force, one of four fundamental forces that govern the behavior of matter in our universe.
• Particles of matter interact by exchanging these bosons, but only over short distances.
• The W boson, which is electrically charged, changes the very makeup of particles.
• It switches protons into neutrons, and vice versa, through the weak force, triggering nuclear fusion and letting stars burn.
• This burning also creates heavier elements and, when a star dies, those elements are tossed into space as the building blocks for planets and even people.

How does the search algorithm/engine work?

Step 1: Crawling

• When one types something in the search bar in the first place, it finds what pages exist on the web.
• As there is no central registry of the web pages on the internet, therefore it constantly adds them to its list.
• Some pages are known by the search engine which is already crawled.
• The crawler or spider takes note of all the keywords, web pages, descriptions, etc. to learn your data search.

Step 2: Indexing

• After a page is discovered, the search engine understands the data of the page.
• The search engine analyses the content such as the videos, images, catalogs, etc. embedded on the webpage, and this process is called Indexing.
• This information is then stored in the search engine index, a huge date base stored in computers.

Step 3: Ranking

• When the user searches for something, Google then scans through the indexed pages to give the best result.
• It gives attention to factors like language, location, device, etc. With the same search query restaurant near me, search results for a user in India will be different from the person located in the USA.
• It ranks pages programmatically.