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Prelims Bits 01-07-2018

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July 01, 2018

Mumbai UNSECO Status

  • Mumbai's Art Deco buildings and Victorian Gothic Architectures were added to UNESCO's World Heritage List.
  • This makes Mumbai city the second city in India after Ahmedabad to be inscribed on the World Heritage List.
  • This is the third such honour for the metropolis after the Elephanta Caves and the majestic Victoria Terminus rechristened ChhatrapatiShivaji Terminus railway station railway station which earned the coveted tag in 1987 and 2004 respectively.
  • There are more than 200 Art Deco buildings in Mumbai, majority of them, built between the early 1930s and early 1950s.
  • Such buildings are clustered together in the south of the coastal city along the marine drive area.
  • These are sleeker buildings boasting curved corners, balconies, vertical lines and exotic motifs.
  • They were built by wealthy Indians who sent their architects to Europe to come up with modern designs different to those of their colonial rulers.

Victorian Gothic Structures

  • These are predecessors of Art deco structures built by the British empire
  • These public buildings include the Old Secretariat (1857-74), University Library and Convention Hall (1874-78), the Bombay High Court (1878), the Public Works Department Office (1872), Watson’s Hotel (1869), David Sasoon Library (1870), the Elphinstone College(1888), etc.

Air pollution and Diabetes

  • According to recent research outdoor air pollution even at levels deemed safe may be associated with an increased risk of diabetes globally.
  • Air pollution contributes to development of diabetes by reducing insulin production and triggering inflammation, which prevents the body from converting blood glucose into energy that the body needs.
  • The overall risk of pollution-related diabetes is tilted more toward lower-income countries such as India that lack the resources for environmental mitigation systems and clean-air policies.

Diabetes

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) - Commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.
  • Most common types of Diabetes Mellitus are as follows
  1. Type 2 diabetes - A chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar (glucose).
  2. Type 1 diabetes - A chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin.
  3. Prediabetes - A condition in which blood sugar is high, but not high enough to be type 2 diabetes.
  4. Gestational diabetes - A form of high blood sugar affecting pregnant women.
  • Diabetes insipidus - It occurs when the body can't regulate how it handles fluids.
  • The condition is caused by a hormonal abnormality and isn't related to diabetes.
  • In addition to extreme thirst and heavy urination, other symptoms may include getting up at night to urinate, or bed-wetting.
  • Depending on the form of the disorder, treatments might include hormone therapy, a low-salt diet and drinking more water.

National Statistics Day

  • Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation and Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) celebrated National Statistics Day.
  • National Statistics Day is celebrated on 29th June every year in recognition of the notable contributions made by Late Professor Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis.
  • Mahalanobis has made his excellence in the fields of statistics, statistical system and economic planning.
  • The objective of celebration of this Day is to create public awareness about the importance of statistics in socio-economic planning and policy formulation

 

Source: PIB, Business Standard, Economic Times

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